Snakes in Cyprus are very beneficial to the ecosystem

By Christina Baldwin*

Snakes are found all over the world and yet, they are animals that are generally feared and cast in a negative light. Much of this hatred comes from misunderstanding, and even though people do not need to like them it is important to understand why they need to be protected.

A snake is a carnivorous reptile. They are legless and have an elongated body structure. As with most reptiles, snakes are ectothermic, meaning they control their body temperature using external sources which is why they are often seen basking in the sun during morning hours. Snakes kill their prey in two, separate, ways either by constriction or envenomation. Constrictors rely on their muscle strength to strangle their prey before eating it while venomous snakes bite their prey and inject venom to kill it. Certain snakes are large enough, and venomous enough, to kill humans, hence where much of the fear surrounding snakes originates.

Despite the danger snakes pose, it must be understood how they are important for the ecosystem, and for us. Snakes play an important role in the food web, they can act as predators, or they can be consumed as prey for other species. As predators, snakes are a natural form of pest control. Snakes kill and eat rodents such as rats and mice, keeping their numbers low. This helps protect crop fields but also prevents the spread of diseases carried by rodents.

Cyprus is home to 8 species of snake. Of these 8, 5 are non-venomous and 3 are venomous. Of the 3 venomous snakes, only 1 is dangerous to humans, this snake is the blunt-nosed viper. As in other places, the snakes in Cyprus are very beneficial to the ecosystem, and to humans, as a form of pest control.

Despite the benefits of snakes, it should be noted that the blunt-nosed viper can be deadly and should be treated with caution. By following a few simple steps everyone can stay safe from snakes while not harming the animals themselves. Firstly, when walking through fields or tall grass watch where you are stepping, make noise and always wear closed, durable shoes. If you happen to encounter a snake, stay calm and back away from it. If you find a snake in a built-up area, make sure you are safe, then call the authorities. Most snakes are quite shy and will avoid people, if the snake does not feel threatened it should not attack. If you get bitten, call the emergency services, or make your way to a hospital immediately. Killing a snake should be a last resort and only as a form of self-defence.

Snakes are an important part of our ecosystem and offer a service to people. They are impressive creatures that should be treated with respect and understanding. Through awareness, we can protect these animals while also staying safe ourselves.

*Christina Baldwin, B.Sc. Zoology, M.Sc. Tropical Biology.

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